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  1. Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, & Facts | Britannica

    Feb 3, 2026 · Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization. Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and …

  2. Chemical compound | Definition, Examples, & Types | Britannica

    Feb 10, 2026 · All the matter in the universe is composed of the atoms of more than 100 different chemical elements, which are found both in pure form and combined in chemical compounds.

  3. Chemical Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary

    CHEMICAL meaning: 1 : of or relating to chemistry; 2 : working by means of chemicals

  4. Chemical synthesis | Organic & Inorganic Reactions | Britannica

    Chemical compounds are made up of atoms of different elements, joined together by chemical bonds. A chemical synthesis usually involves the breaking of existing bonds and the formation of new ones.

  5. Periodic table | Definition, Elements, Names, Symbols, Groups, Charges ...

    Feb 13, 2026 · Periodic table, in chemistry, is an organized array of all the chemical elements in order of increasing atomic number. When the elements are thus arranged, there is a recurring pattern in …

  6. Chemical element | Definition, Origins, Distribution, & Facts | Britannica

    Feb 19, 2026 · A chemical element is any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes. Elements are the fundamental materials of which all …

  7. DNA | Definition, Discovery, Function, Bases, Facts, & Structure ...

    6 days ago · DNA is an organic chemical of complex molecular structure found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits.

  8. Photosynthesis | Definition, Formula, Process, Diagram, Reactants ...

    Jan 16, 2026 · Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is …

  9. Caffeine | Stimulant, Health Benefits, Addiction | Britannica

    Feb 13, 2026 · Caffeine, nitrogenous organic compound of the alkaloid group, substances that have marked physiological effects. Caffeine occurs in tea, coffee, guarana, maté, kola nuts, and cacao. …

  10. Phosphorus | Definition, Uses, & Facts | Britannica

    Feb 19, 2026 · Phosphorus, chemical element of the nitrogen group that is a soft waxy solid at room temperature.